A noticeable feature in Regency fashion is the military inspiration in jackets and bodices, with elaborate cuffs, Hussar + Brandenburg pipings, closings and decorations, and also epaulettes and shoulder decorations echoing the male military uniforms. The Spencer jacket itself was originally a male garb, worn by Earl Spencer, and it was fashionable in continental Europe from ca. 1790 to 1820 (a bit later in rural districts). It was a practical and warm addition to the thin chemises and dresses, and became immensely popular.
Excerpt is directly from the Regency Project, an amazing reproduction fashion site.
Anea’s new site is here.
Images from the Kyoto Costume Institute
Jane Austen's World 
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I really think we should bring back the spencer jacket as a part of everyday fashion.