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This Jane Austen blog brings Jane Austen, her novels, and the Regency Period alive through food, dress, social customs, and other 19th C. historical details related to this topic.

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Hannah Glasse’s Connection to the Hamburger

June 12, 2011 by Vic

Gentle readers,

Summer means long, lazy afternoons lounging in the yard or by the pool side, grilling meats like hamburgers, sausages, and hot dogs. The hamburger has had a long tradition.

In 1802, the Oxford English Dictionary defined Hamburg steak as salt beef. It had little resemblance to the hamburger we know today. It was a hard slab of salted minced beef, often slightly smoked, mixed with onions and breadcrumbs. The emphasis was more on durability than taste. “ – Hamburger History 

Sailors from Hamburg, Germany, crossed the Baltic Sea regularly and returned with a taste for the minced raw beef dishes served up in Russian ports. The German haus-frau’s interpretation of these Baltic dishes was to fry or broil the patties. And voila! The Hamburg steak was born. By the late 1700’s the British knew them as Hamburg sausages.

Enter Hannah Glasse and her famous Art of Cookery book, which featured a recipe for Hamburgh sausage.

Hannah Glasse's recipe for Common Sausages

“By the mid-18th century, German immigrants also begin arriving in England. One recipe, titled “Hamburgh Sausage,” appeared in Hannah Glasse’s 1758 English cookbook called The Art of Cookery Made Plain and Easy. It consisted of chopped beef, suet, and spices. The author recommended that this sausage be served with toasted bread. Hannah Glasse’s cookbook was also very popular in Colonial America, although it was not published in the United States until 1805. This American edition also contained the “Hamburgh Sausage” recipe with slight revisions.” – History and Legends of Hamburger 

By 1834, the menu of Delmonico’s in New York City advertised a Hamburger steak. And the rest, as they say, is history. Today the humble hamburger is popular the world over due to the marketing genius (or avarice?) of McDonald’s and other fast food chains.

18th c. Sausage shop. Image © Wellcome Trust

Image description: Two men are working with knives and cleavers as another makes sausages, a woman has come to buy and is holding some money in her hand. Coloured etching. A pork-butcher’s shop: two butchers are working with knives and cleavers as another makes sausages, a woman has come to buy and is holding some money in her hand. Coloured etching, 18-. 19th c.” – Wellcome Trust

More on the topic:

  • Wellcome Image Collection 
  • A Culture Revealed Through Comfort Food 
  • The Art of Cookery: Google eBook
  • Hannah Glasse and The Art of Cookery Made Plain and Easy
  • 19th Century Cookbooks and the British Housewife

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Posted in 18th Century England, 19th Century England, Jane Austen's World, Regency Customs, Regency food, Regency Life, Regency Period, Regency society | Tagged Hannah Glasse, The Art of Cookery Made Plain and Easy | 5 Comments

5 Responses

  1. on June 12, 2011 at 15:31 Patty

    Vic,

    So true about the genius or greed of MacDonald’s and others. My father always said, “The reason people eat hamburgers is because they’re heavily advertised.”

    If you’re watching Jamie Oliver, you’ll know that what goes in a commercial burger can be downright dangerous.


  2. on June 12, 2011 at 17:17 Tony Grant

    The only answer is, to eat fish and chips!!!!!!!!

    Patty is right about the ingredients though. Home made is best.

    Didn’t know you get Jamie Oliver over there. Do you understand his Essex accent? We have a “Jamies”, just down the road from us in Kingston. I think there is one in Wimbledon High Street too.

    He’s got a great a restaurant in a little cove just north of Newquay in Cornwall. There is a surfing school right next door. In fact he may well own the surfing school too.Drove past it last Summer. He seems to have taken over the cooking world over here. Well, him and a couple of others. I don’t think he even has a Michelin Star yet!!!


  3. on June 12, 2011 at 17:41 Vic

    I do love a juicy home made hamburger every once in a while, Tony and Patty. My mom makes it Dutch style – gehakt balletjes. Lekker! (Unbelievably spicy and delicious.) http://www.livestrong.com/recipes/gehakt-ballen-dutch-style-meatballs/

    Tony, your comment makes me think of the Fish and Chips post we put up on Jane Austen Today. Scrumptious! http://janitesonthejames.blogspot.com/2011/06/fish-and-chips-friday.html


  4. on June 12, 2011 at 20:31 Karen Field

    We had hamburgers today. I’d rather have fish and chips, though. I love them and have the when I got to England.

    Thanks for the post. This was fun to read.


  5. on June 13, 2011 at 11:52 Miriam Field Davidson

    Thank you! I love that all our most modern things are just re-makes of old traditions.



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